According to new research published by Tenable's staff research engineer Satnam Narang, scammers are stealing existing short-form videos from TikTok and reposting them as YouTube Shorts, racking up millions of views and gaining tens of thousands of subscribers, according to new research from Tenable.
The scams typically fall into three categories, adult dating affiliate scams, promotion of dubious retail products and weight loss supplements, and stealing TikTok videos to increase social currency (views and subscriber counts).
"While YouTube has been around for 16 years, the YouTube Shorts product is essentially a new platform," says Tenable staff research engineer, Satnam Narang.
"Over the last decade, I've watched scammers migrate from platform to platform. It is almost a rite of passage for a new service or platform when scammers deem them worthy of plying their trade," he says.
"While the way these scams operate will vary based on each platform and its unique nuances, the types of scams are all very familiar."
Narang says scammers are creating fake YouTube channels filled with videos stolen from TikTok, including dance challenges, to abuse affiliate marketing strategies employed by adult dating websites that offer payment based on a cost per action (CPA) or cost per lead (CPL) basis.
"Scammers can generate a relatively healthy income by duping users of social media websites to click links pinned at the top of the comments of their YouTube Short videos," he says.
"One video alone earned 10 million views from YouTube shorts. Once the visitor of an adult dating website is converted to a registered user, the scammer is eligible to receive anywhere from $2 to $4 for the successful CPL conversion."
Narang says if there has been one common thread amongst all the research he has done on social media over the last decade, it's that adult dating is at the forefront of scams on rising platforms and services.
"The introduction of YouTube Shorts, with its enormous potential reach and built-in audience, is fertile ground that will only serve to help these scams become even more widespread," he says.
"This trend is alarming because of how successful these tactics have become so quickly on YouTube Shorts, based on the volume of video views and subscribers on these fake channels promoting stolen content."
Narang also identified scammers offering dubious products.
For example, he identified several scammers using stolen TikTok footage of women at the gym to promote gym leggings priced at $34.99. However, similar leggings were available on AliExpress for $12 less. The concern with these scam advertisements is that there is no guarantee the item being purchased will arrive, or the quality be as advertised.
Scammers were also identified using stolen TikTok videos to increase the views and subscriber counts for their existing YouTube channels to generate an income from advertisements and brand deals from their channels.
"One user has received over 78 million views on their channel, but if you look at a breakdown of their actual content, it's the videos that they did not create that have the greatest engagement numbers," Narang says.
He says there are also many YouTube channels created solely as hubs for stolen TikTok content, similarly to gain social currency.
Based on an analysis of 50 YouTube channels that Narang encountered, he determined that the operators of these channels have received 3.2 billion views across at least 38,293 videos. In total, the channels had at least 3 million subscribers when the research was conducted. Scammers can achieve this success by capitalising on the newness of YouTube Shorts and its existing user base of 2 billion monthly logins.
"Scammers won't go away easily. They are determined to capitalise on the massive success of platforms like YouTube Shorts and TikTok," Narang says.
"Leveraging existing functionality within YouTube to report these channels is truly the best way for users to help clean up the platform. That is until the next big social platform emerges and scammers eventually find their way there."
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